Osteochondrosis is a pathology that is 40% of the population under 35 to 40 years and almost 90% in old age. Even with young people, signs of osteochondrosis are sometimes uncovered - a decrease in the height of the panes, pain, symptoms in the spine. If you start treating the disease in the first stage before destroying the hard drive, the chance of stopping progression is very high.
What is osteochondrosis?
In the case of osteochondrosis of the spine, one or more intervertebral discs appear. The disease can occur in any department:
- Thoracic;
- Shein;
- Lumbar (lumbosacral).
In severe cases, the degeneration of vertebrates is observed against the background of osteochondrosis in the entire pillar, which means that the disability causes human disabilities. What is this disease - osteochondrosis? The pathology is associated with a gradual, steady and progressive violation of the diet of the hyalink norpel, which is located on the intervertebral discs, changing their position, shape and crack. One person experiences severe pain syndrome, the functions of the entire musculoskeletal system are impaired.
What is osteochondrosis in relation to your consequences? If you do not carry out treatment, the vertebrae are compressed, the cracks between them decrease and the slices seem to crumble. This leads to damage to the nerve roots, the damage to the spinal cord and an impaired work of the internal organs. Bone osteophytes occur on the edges of the windows - growth that cause even more pain. The consequences of this vertebral disease are very serious.
The main causes of osteochondrosis
Scientists came to conclusions and examined osteochondrosis that this disease is a consequence of a person's uncomplicated, so that most people are subject to it. The daily high burden on the spine, age -related deterioration in vascular functions, the inferiority of nutrition and aging the body are the main causes of osteochondrosis. The following factors are weighed up by the situation:
- Frequent improper position of the body (for example curved at the desk, carry a bag on the shoulder);
- Sleep on soft mattresses, pillows;
- Flat feet, leg deformation;
- Metabolic diseases;
- Excess weight creates improved loads on the spine;
- Hypodynamics;
- High -up disorders;
- Multiple pregnancy;
- Long smoking experience;
- The instability of the vertebrae.
Injuries, severe physical activity make the development of osteochondrosis of the spine considerably. Hence athletes, employees of physical work, osteochondrosis of the lower back - a very "popular" problem. Inheritance also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome - if the parents had serious problems with their backs at a young age, the child has a high risk of getting the disease of the spine.
Psychosomatics of osteochondrosis
Psychosomatic causes of the pathology are a new direction when looking for prerequisites for their education. Psychosomatics implies the influence of psychological factors on the development and course of physical illnesses. The connection between physical and mental problems is really tight and a healthy person can suffer from regular pain. With osteochondrosis, some people have no objective causes of pathology, but they progress.
Up to 30% of patients after visiting the doctor, problems like:
- Constant stress;
- Chronic experiences;
- Nervous overload;
- Family problems;
- Conflicts;
- Moral collapse.
Disease stages
The intervertebral disc consists of liquid and firm parts. The first is in the middle and represents a core that results in elasticity. The core is surrounded by a strong ring from above. With the liquid structure, all pathological changes in the hard drive begin, which later spread to its shell.
In der Medizin werden vier Entwicklungsstadien der Osteochondrose unterschieden. Dies bezieht sich auf die bedingte Einheit der Pathologie durch die Schwere der Verstöße in der Wirbelsäule:
- Die erste Stufe der Osteochondrose. Die Feuchtigkeitsmenge in der Scheibe fällt, sie ist dehydriert. Zerstörung tritt noch nicht auf, aber nach schwerer Dehydration des Kerns am faserigen Ring treten Mikroreter auf. Die Symptome in diesem Stadium der Krankheit fehlen normalerweise.
- Das zweite Stadium der Osteochondrose. Die Höhe der Festplatte beginnt sich zu sinken, was die allmähliche Bindung von Symptomen und das Fortschreiten der Pathologie bedeutet. In der Wirbelsäule nimmt die Entfernung zwischen seinen individuellen Segmenten ab, weshalb die Bänder schlagern. In diesem Stadium verursacht die Krankheit bei einer Reihe von Patienten einen Schlupf der Wirbel - Spondylolistz. Pain, complaints occur in the event of deterioration, painful pain can be present even when remission.
- Die dritte Stufe. Osteochondrosis of the spine in this stage results in strong pain syndrome because the complications form. Most of the time, this is a lead of the disc, less common - osteoarthritis (degeneration) of the vertebral joints, subluxation of the vertebrae. The pain is supplemented by a restriction of the mobility of the affected spine segment.
- The fourth stage of osteochondrosis. The spine begins to adapt to new conditions of existence and tries to repair the vertebrae to protect against the final destruction. Osteophytes grow for this. The pain can be hard due to injuries to the nerve endings.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis
The first signs of osteochondrosis usually start in the early stages when there is no pain yet. In the neck, the lower back, less often - in the chest area, if you move, you can hear a crunch (it means a violation of the power of the disc, its dehydration). In addition, a person can notice the stiffness of the muscles of the back or neck for overloads who work in an unpleasant position. They become "stone" on one or two sides, which is uncomfortable, cause burning, irritation.
Then the symptoms of osteochondrosis become more obvious. In peace, a person can feel normal, but work, raise weights, a dream on an uncomfortable pillow can provoke such phenomena:
- Pain pain;
- Pains;
- Daubiness of the hands (with damage to the neck);
- Feeling of stiffness;
- Forced decrease in movements;
- Muscle cramp;
- Fixed;
- Increased pressure;
- Violation of attitude.
In the overload of the patient's spine, osteochondrosis provides more pronounced signs and symptoms. The pain occurs in his shoulders, gives it to his hands, elbows, headaches. With osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, there are noise in the ears, dizziness, the syndrome of the vertebral artery develops and seeing is disturbed. Over time, no muscle atrophy occurs without the treatment of osteochondrosis, the skin becomes pale. The course of cardiac pathologies can be tightened, the work of the liver, the gallbladder and the stomach intestine tract is disturbed.
What leads the pathology?
The consequences of this disease are always uncomfortable, they produce an increase in pain. With osteochondrosis there is:
- Discussion;
- Prolapse and hernia of the disc;
- Palaces of radiculitis, Ishias, Lumbago;
- Kyphosis, scoliosis.
The danger to one person largely depends on the type of hernia to the osteochondrosis of the spine. They are at the front, back, side and the most dangerous are the rear hernia - you can press the spinal cord. In the lumbar segment of the spine, hernia are most common, mainly between 4-5 vertebrae.
Lumbale osteochondrosis can cause very unpleasant symptoms - accommodation (lumbago). Burning Lumbago pain, sharp, unbearable, it is very difficult to endure. The cause is the nerve trapped because the patient is damaged by a neuromusive bundle. Particularly dangerous for osteochondrosis of the Horse Tail syndrome when a person has a large bundle of spine nerves. As a result, the functions of the intestine, the bladder, even a paralysis of the legs can occur.
Signs of osteochondrosis often come back to severe muscle atrophy. If the muscles do not take part in the body for a long time, the movements of the spine are restricted, then the individual fibers weaken. As a result, the patient can become a disabled person chained to the bed. A cervical osteochondrosis is also very dangerous because a hernia in this segment can lead to a violation of the blood supply to the brain. At this stage there is a risk of visual impairment, swallowing, language and other brain functions.
Diagnosis of the disease
By recognizing the signs of osteochondrosis independently, you have to think about the treatment. Since the lesion of the spine can achieve different stages, the treatment of osteochondrosis is also uneven. It is important to make the correct diagnosis so that the therapy is correctly selected.
Due to the widespread prevalence of the disease and the presence of characteristic symptoms, the doctor can take a diagnosis during a preliminary examination. However, the following diagnosis is carried out for the differentiation of osteochondrosis from other back and inner organs:
- X -Ray of the spine. It will help to identify the height of the discs, the degree of thinning and the presence of osteophytes.
- CT, MRI. More likely to prefer the exam. With this disease, the severity of the damage to the nerves, soft tissue and the determination of the smallest projections can determine.
Labort tests do not play an important role in osteochondrosis, but the submission of the general analysis is necessary to exclude the inflammatory process of excluding rheumatoid lesions of bones and joints. In order to examine the muscle function, the doctor leads a number of physical tests through and to clarify the work of blood vessels and nerves, they make a duplex, electromyography.
Treatment of osteochondrosis medication
If osteochondrosis symptoms and treatment are determined, it is not worth delaying the therapy - the disease is quick. At an early stage, gymnastics is usually recommended, massage to strengthen the muscles - this is sufficient. In the remaining stages of osteochondrosis, drug treatment is required and sometimes surgery.
Loosening the pain is the most unpleasant sign of the disease -they cannot use steroids anti -inflammatory drugs. You cannot heal osteochondrosis, but you are always prescribed before training therapy to relieve the symptoms. In severe cases, the medication is administered in injections, but more often they are recommended in tablets and locally in the form of ointments by a course of 7 to 14 days.
If a person has a strong painful syndrome in the spine, glucocorticosteroid injections are injected directly into the damage zone.
The treatment of osteochondrosis is also carried out using the following means:
- B -Vitamine from B. help help improve the nervous conductivity of the spine.
- Chondroprotectors. They nourish the intermediate breathing cartilage and strengths discs.
- Musorelaxants. Reduce the strength of muscle cramps for osteochondrosis.
- Vascular medication. Optimize the blood circulation in the spine.
If osteochondrosis has developed, only chondroprotprotectors will specify anesthesia and pathogenetic treatment, they are taken into courses in courses for 3-6 months. Der Rest der Medikamente trägt die symptomatische Wirkung und beeinflusst den Verlauf der Osteochondrose selbst nicht.
Physiotherapie und Osteochondrose
In der Liste der Maßnahmen als zur Behandlung von Osteochondrose umfassen physiotherapeutische Techniken notwendigerweise. Thanks to physiotherapy, the treatment of osteochondrosis will be more effective because the effect extends directly to the focus of the inflammation. Physiotherapy relieves painful syndrome, eliminates cramps, improves blood microcirculation and helps to remove clips from the nerves. Die beliebtesten Methoden sind wie folgt:
- Elektrophorese. The treatment of osteochondrosis in this way enables relaxing, anti -inflammatory substances and anesthetics to deliver directly into the zone of vertebrae, muscles, ligaments.
- Ultrasonic. Lindert unangenehme Symptome, Anästhesie, erzeugt die Wirkung der Vibrationsmassage, aktiviert den Stoffwechsel auf lokaler Ebene.
- Magnetotherapie. Variien oder konstante Magnetfelder beseitigen den Entzündungsprozess.
All types of physiotherapy should be carried out by courses from 10 to 15 procedures, while individual contraindications are necessarily taken into account.
Gymnastics and massage
Die Trainingstherapie bei der Behandlung von Osteochondrose spielt eine dominierende Rolle. Without training therapy, it is not possible to form a strong muscle corset, and the latter is precisely necessary to maintain a sick spine. In addition, gymnastics improves blood circulation in the vertebral zone, improves the metabolic processes and helps to quickly remove decay products.
Wie kann man Osteochondrose mit Gymnastik heilen? Der Komplex wird nur einzeln ausgewählt und nur in 1-2 Phasen kann er ohne die Kontrolle eines Arztes durchgeführt werden. In den späteren Phasen können unnötige, stärkere Bewegungen dazu führen, dass sich eine Scheibe verteilt und das Problem stärkt. In 3 Phasen werden alle Übungen nur in einer liegenden Position durchgeführt.
A massage is required for the treatment of osteochondrosis. They don't do it in the acute level - this leads to a thrill. However, the correctly carried out massage in the chronic stage with osteochondrosis is indispensable. After the sessions have been carried out, the muscles relax, the clamps are removed, nerves and blood vessels begin to work normally. The massage is only carried out in gentle mode without sudden movements.
Pathology prevention
In order not to operate on osteochondrosis, it is important to carefully consider the prevention measures:
- Do not allow hypodynamics. This disease can progress with power loads, but swimming, skising, loading only benefit and strengthen the muscles and health as a whole.
- Follow the attitude. At work and at home, it is important to sit properly, not to try it and childhood.
- Sleep on comfortable pillows. There are preventive pillows with existing osteochondrosis, several other therapeutic.
- Do not raise weights. If necessary, you should sit down, get up with the object and keep your back straight.
- Take regular lessons to strengthen the muscles. This is important for the muscles of the neck, back, pressing, the lower back.
- Wear comfortable shoes. Orthopedic shoes do not enable the risk of defeating the vertebrae.
It is also important to eat well, not to smoke, enrich the diet with vitamins, to consume more liquids - so that the probability of pathology decreases.